Indian Polity refers to the political system, its structure, functioning, and the principles that govern the country. It is based on the Constitution of India, which lays down the framework for governance, rights, and duties of citizens, and the distribution of powers between the government and various institutions.
- Constitution of India: The supreme law of the land, which establishes the framework for political principles, government structure, and fundamental rights.
- Federal Structure: India follows a federal system with a division of powers between the central government and state governments.
- Democracy: India is the largest democracy in the world. It is based on the principles of universal suffrage, regular elections, and representative democracy.
- Separation of Powers: The Indian polity is based on the separation of powers among the three branches: the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary.
- Fundamental Rights and Duties: Citizens are guaranteed fundamental rights, such as freedom of speech, right to equality, and right to life. Fundamental duties are also enshrined in the Constitution to guide citizens.
UPSC Study Hub – Indian Polity Material:
For UPSC preparation, understanding the structure and working of the Indian polity is essential. Here’s a structured guide:
